{"id":3065,"date":"2020-12-11T20:23:00","date_gmt":"2020-12-11T19:23:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jvelektronika.cz\/?page_id=3065"},"modified":"2020-12-11T20:32:18","modified_gmt":"2020-12-11T19:32:18","slug":"klestovy-meric-jak-zmerit-rozbehovy-proud","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/jvelektronika.cz\/?page_id=3065","title":{"rendered":"Kle\u0161\u0165ov\u00fd m\u011b\u0159i\u010d \u2013 jak zm\u011b\u0159it rozb\u011bhov\u00fd proud?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> S jevem rozb\u011bhov\u00e9ho proudu se m\u016f\u017eeme setkat p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s elektrick\u00fdmi motory. Nejednou zp\u016fsob\u00ed zapnut\u00ed motoru ve \u0161patn\u011b naprojektovan\u00fdch instalac\u00edch aktivaci ochrany. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> D\u016fvodem je pr\u00e1v\u011b rozb\u011bhov\u00fd proud &#8211; v okam\u017eiku zapnut\u00ed motor odeb\u00edr\u00e1 mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed proud ne\u017e pracovn\u00ed proud nebo proud v ust\u00e1len\u00e9m stavu motoru. Tento jev je pom\u011brn\u011b kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fd, nap\u0159\u00edklad u t\u0159\u00edf\u00e1zov\u00e9ho motoru trv\u00e1 od 75 ms do 150 ms, ale skok proudu je 500 % a\u017e 1200 %, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd probl\u00e9m a v\u00e9st k poru\u0161e. Krom\u011b toho je m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed rozb\u011bhov\u00e9ho proudu vy\u017eadov\u00e1no v procesu \u00fadr\u017eby elektrick\u00e9ho motoru. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> Rozb\u011bhov\u00fd proud ve sp\u00ednan\u00e9m zdroji <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p> Jev&nbsp;<strong>rozb\u011bhov\u00e9ho proudu<\/strong>&nbsp;se vyskytuje tak\u00e9 ve sp\u00ednan\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch zalo\u017een\u00fdch na m\u011bni\u010d\u00edch. Konstrukce tohoto typu maj\u00ed na vstupu usm\u011br\u0148ova\u010de a filtry slo\u017een\u00e9 z&nbsp;kondenz\u00e1tor\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou zde kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9. V okam\u017eiku zapnut\u00ed zdroje maj\u00ed vybit\u00e9 kondenz\u00e1tory na jeho vstupu nevelkou impedanci, kv\u016fli kter\u00e9 vznik\u00e1 chvilkov\u00e9 p\u0159et\u00ed\u017een\u00ed, \u0161pi\u010dka prot\u00e9kaj\u00edc\u00edho proudu. Doba nab\u00edjen\u00ed kondenz\u00e1tor\u016f je nevelk\u00e1, av\u0161ak proud tekouc\u00ed v t\u00e9to dob\u011b m\u016f\u017ee ve \u0161pi\u010dce dosahovat n\u011bkolika des\u00edtek amp\u00e9r\u016f. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/jvelektronika.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/jvproud-zdroj.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3066\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jvelektronika.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/jvproud-zdroj.jpg 640w, https:\/\/jvelektronika.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/jvproud-zdroj-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kle\u0161\u0165ov\u00fd m\u011b\u0159i\u010d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Kle\u0161\u0165ov\u00fdm m\u011b\u0159i\u010dem<\/strong>&nbsp;m\u016f\u017eeme naz\u00fdvat p\u0159\u00edstroj, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 kovovou obru\u010d uzav\u00edranou kolem dvou c\u00edvek. Prvn\u00ed z nich (prim\u00e1rn\u00ed obvod) tvo\u0159\u00ed vodi\u010de, kter\u00fdm prot\u00e9k\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159en\u00fd proud. Druh\u00e1 se pak (sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed obvod) nach\u00e1z\u00ed uvnit\u0159 m\u011b\u0159i\u010de. Sekund\u00e1rn\u00ed obvod sest\u00e1v\u00e1 z mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho po\u010dtu z\u00e1vit\u016f, d\u00edky \u010demu lze sn\u00ed\u017eenou velikost proudu snadno a bezpe\u010dn\u011b zm\u011b\u0159it. Nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed kle\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159i\u010de maj\u00ed rovn\u011b\u017e mo\u017enost zm\u011b\u0159it stejnosm\u011brn\u00fd proud. Pro tento \u00fa\u010del se vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 Hall\u016fv jev, spo\u010d\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed v m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed intenzity magnetick\u00e9ho pole.<br>Hodn\u011b kle\u0161\u0165ov\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159i\u010d\u016f m\u00e1 krom\u011b m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed proudu tak\u00e9 funkce zn\u00e1m\u00e9 z klasick\u00fdch multimetr\u016f. D\u00edky dopl\u0148kov\u00fdm zd\u00ed\u0159k\u00e1m pro m\u011b\u0159ic\u00ed \u0161\u0148\u016fry m\u016f\u017eeme mezi jin\u00fdm zkontrolovat pr\u016fchodnost obvodu a prov\u00e9st test diody.<br>M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed proudu pomoc\u00ed<strong>&nbsp;kle\u0161\u0165ov\u00e9ho m\u011b\u0159i\u010de<\/strong>&nbsp;je velmi snadn\u00e9. Sta\u010d\u00ed obemknout m\u011b\u0159ic\u00edmi \u010delistmi m\u011b\u0159en\u00fd obvod a nastavit knofl\u00edk m\u011b\u0159i\u010de na p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nou funkci, AC nebo DC v z\u00e1vislosti na m\u011b\u0159en\u00e9m proudu. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed proudu, jeho\u017e pr\u016fb\u011bhy mohou b\u00fdt zkresleny, je t\u0159eba v\u011bnovat pozornost tomu, zda m\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159i\u010d funkci m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00e9 efektivn\u00ed hodnoty (True RMS). V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zkreslen\u00fdch pr\u016fb\u011bh\u016f je takov\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed zna\u010dn\u011b v\u011brohodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"423\" src=\"https:\/\/jvelektronika.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/m\u011b\u0159kle\u0161jv.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3067\" srcset=\"https:\/\/jvelektronika.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/m\u011b\u0159kle\u0161jv.jpg 800w, https:\/\/jvelektronika.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/m\u011b\u0159kle\u0161jv-300x159.jpg 300w, https:\/\/jvelektronika.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/m\u011b\u0159kle\u0161jv-768x406.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Kle\u0161\u0165ov\u00fd m\u011b\u0159i\u010d UNI-T UT216C<\/strong><br>UT216C&nbsp;je jedn\u00edm z v\u00fdrobk\u016f reprezentuj\u00edc\u00edch firmu&nbsp;UNI-T. Je to klasick\u00fd kle\u0161\u0165ov\u00fd m\u011b\u0159i\u010d umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed nap\u011bt\u00ed AC\/DC, proudu AC\/DC, odporu, kmito\u010dtu, kapacity, teploty a rozb\u011bhov\u00e9ho proudu.<br>Krom\u011b toho m\u00e1 UT216C n\u011bkolik dopl\u0148kov\u00fdch funkc\u00ed usnad\u0148uj\u00edc\u00edch ka\u017edodenn\u00ed pr\u00e1ci. Jsou to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Automatick\u00e9 p\u0159ep\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed m\u011b\u0159ic\u00edho rozsahu<\/li><li>Test diod a pr\u016fchodnosti obvodu<\/li><li>Relativn\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed (Relative Mode)<\/li><li>Podsv\u011btlen\u00fd displej LCD<\/li><li>M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00e9 efektivn\u00ed hodnoty (True RMS)<\/li><li>Funkce Data Hold \u2013 zadr\u017een\u00ed posledn\u00edho m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed<\/li><li>Automatick\u00e9 vypnut\u00ed po asi 15 minut\u00e1ch<\/li><li>Low Battery Display \u2013 indik\u00e1tor vy\u010derpan\u00e9 baterie (\u22643,6V)<\/li><li>NCV \u2013 funkce detekce elektrick\u00e9ho pole<\/li><li>Vestav\u011bn\u00e1 sv\u00edtilna.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u011b\u0159i\u010d je nap\u00e1jen\u00fd t\u0159emi bateriemi 1,5 V LR03 (AAA). V\u0161echna m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed se prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed v souladu s normou EN61010 1000V CAT II, EN 61010 600 V CAT III.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Kle\u0161\u0165ov\u00fd m\u011b\u0159i\u010d FLUKE 376 FC<\/strong><br>FLUKE 376 FC&nbsp;m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt skv\u011blou volbou pro autod\u00edlnu nebo firmu, ve kter\u00e9 bude p\u0159\u00edstroj vystaven nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m. M\u011b\u0159i\u010d se vyzna\u010duje skv\u011blou trvanlivost\u00ed, kter\u00e1 je rozpozn\u00e1vac\u00edm znakem v\u00fdrobk\u016f firmy&nbsp;FLUKE. FLUKE 376 FC umo\u017e\u0148uje m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed proudu AC\/DC, nap\u011bt\u00ed AC\/DC, odporu, kapacity, kmito\u010dtu, teploty a rozb\u011bhov\u00e9ho proudu.<br>P\u0159\u00edstroj se nav\u00edc vyzna\u010duje n\u011bkolika dopl\u0148kov\u00fdmi funkcemi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Automatick\u00e9 p\u0159ep\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed m\u011b\u0159ic\u00edch rozsah\u016f<\/li><li>Test diody a pr\u016fchodnosti obvodu<\/li><li>P\u0159esn\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00e9 efektivn\u00ed hodnoty (True RMS)<\/li><li>Funkce MIN\/MAX\/AVER<\/li><li>Spolupr\u00e1ce s aplikac\u00ed Fluke Connect (umo\u017e\u0148uje bezdr\u00e1tov\u00fd p\u0159enos nam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch dat p\u0159es rozhran\u00ed Bluetooth)<\/li><li>Funkce HOLD (zadr\u017een\u00ed zobrazen\u00e9ho \u00fadaje na zobrazova\u010di)<\/li><li>Indik\u00e1tor n\u00edzk\u00e9ho nap\u011bt\u00ed baterie<\/li><li>M\u011b\u0159i\u010d m\u00e1 rovn\u011b\u017e dolnopropustn\u00fd filtr pro m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed parametr\u016f pohon\u016f.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u011b\u0159i\u010d je nap\u00e1jen dv\u011bma bateriemi 1,5 V LR6 (AA). M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed se prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed v souladu s normami EN 61010 1000 V CAT III a EN 61010 600 V CAT IV. Pozornost si zaslou\u017e\u00ed rovn\u011b\u017e ohebn\u00fd adapt\u00e9r p\u0159ilo\u017een\u00fd k m\u011b\u0159i\u010di, umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed snadn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nab\u00eddka m\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00edch p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f u www.tme.eu<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Publikov\u00e1no 11. 12. 2020<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>S jevem rozb\u011bhov\u00e9ho proudu se m\u016f\u017eeme setkat p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s elektrick\u00fdmi motory. Nejednou zp\u016fsob\u00ed zapnut\u00ed motoru ve \u0161patn\u011b naprojektovan\u00fdch instalac\u00edch aktivaci ochrany. D\u016fvodem je pr\u00e1v\u011b rozb\u011bhov\u00fd proud &#8211; v okam\u017eiku zapnut\u00ed motor odeb\u00edr\u00e1 mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed proud ne\u017e pracovn\u00ed proud nebo proud v ust\u00e1len\u00e9m stavu motoru. Tento jev je pom\u011brn\u011b kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fd, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3067,"parent":2172,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jvelektronika.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3065"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jvelektronika.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jvelektronika.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jvelektronika.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jvelektronika.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3065"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/jvelektronika.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3065\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3070,"href":"https:\/\/jvelektronika.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3065\/revisions\/3070"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jvelektronika.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2172"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jvelektronika.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3067"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jvelektronika.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3065"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}